复杂外形航空发动机TC4钛合金宽弦空心风扇叶片弯扭成形

弯扭成形是钛合金空心风扇叶片制造中一种有效的辅助成形手段,赋予空心叶片毛坯理想的过渡形状,改善工艺性。针对应用于大涵道比涡扇发动机的TC4钛合金宽弦空心风扇叶片的工艺试验件,研究适用于复杂外形叶片的单轴扭转与双轴扭转两种弯扭方法,提出了夹头运动参数的设计方法,分析了机构的运动规律以及成形原理。基于有限元模拟,研究了扭转方式以及弯扭路径等关键工艺参数对于制件外形、变形区分布、扭转力矩以及表面缺陷的影响,并进行了弯扭实验。结果表明,采用单轴扭转方式,弯扭温度为750℃,叶尖夹头扭角为20.4°,扭转速度为0.68(°)/min,能够将平板毛坯成形出合理的过渡形状。弯扭后面板上出现了失稳凹陷,与有限元结果一致。     

Spectral analysis and self-adjusting mechanism for oscillation phenomenon in hydrogen-oxygen continuously rotating detonation engine

The continuously rotating detonation engine(CRDE)is a new concept of engines for aircraft and spacecraft.Quasi-stable continuously rotating detonation(CRD)can be observed in an annular combustion chamber,but the sustaining,stabilizing and adjusting mechanisms are not yet clear.To learn more deeply into the CRDE,experimental studies have been carried out to investigate hydrogen-oxygen CRDE.Pressure histories are obtained during each shot,which show that stable CRD waves are generated in the combustor,when feeding pressures are higher than 0.5 MPa for fuel and oxidizer,respectively.Each shot can keep running as long as fresh gas feeding maintains.Close-up of the pressure history shows the repeatability of pressure peaks and indicates the detonation velocity in hydrogen–oxygen CRD,which proves the success of forming a stable CRD in the annular chamber.Spectrum of the pressure history matches the close-up analysis and confirms the CRD.It also shows multi-wave phenomenon and affirms the fact that in this case a single detonation wave is rotating in the annulus.Moreover,oscillation phenomenon is found in pressure peaks and a self-adjusting mechanism is proposed to explain the phenomenon.     

An IPC-based Prolog design pattern for integrating backward chaining inference into applications or embedded systems

Prolog is one of the most important candidates to build expert systems and AI-related programs and has potential applications in embedded systems. However, Prolog is not suitable to develop many kinds of components, such as data acquisition and task scheduling, which are also crucial. To make the best use of the advantages and bypass the disadvantages, it is attractive to integrate Prolog with programs developed by other languages. In this paper, an IPC-based method is used to integrate backward chaining inference implemented by Prolog into applications or embedded systems. A Prolog design pattern is derived from the method for reuse, whose principle and definition are provided in detail. Additionally, the design pattern is applied to a target system, which is free software, to verify its feasibility. The detailed implementation of the application is given to clarify the design pattern. The design pattern can be further applied to wide range applications and embedded systems and the method described in this paper can also be adopted for other logic programming languages.     

Efficiency optimized fuel supply strategy of aircraft engine based on air-fuel ratio control

Accurate fuel injection control of aircraft engine can optimize the energy efficiency of UAV power system while meeting the propeller speed requirement. Traditional injection control method such as open-loop calibration causes instability of fuel supply which brings the risk of power loss of UAV. Considering that the closed-loop control of AFR can ensure a stable fuel feeding, this paper proposes an AFR control based fuel supply strategy in order to improve the efficiency of fuel-powered UAV while obtaining the required engine speed. According to the optimum fuel injection results, we implement fuzzy-PID method to control the set AFR in different situations. Through simulation and experiment studies, the results indicate that, to begin with, the calibrated mathematical model of the aircraft engine is effective. Next, this fuel supply strategy based on AFR control can normally realize the engine speed regulation, and the applied control algorithm can eliminate the overshoot of AFR throughout all the working progress. What is more,the fuel supply strategy can averagely shorten the response time of the engine speed by about two seconds. In addition, compared with the open-loop calibration, in this work the power efficiency is improved by 9% to 33%. Last but not the least, the endurance can be improved by 30 min with a normal engine speed. This paper can be a reference for the optimization of UAV aircraft engine.     

Inverted decoupling and LMI-based controller design for a turboprop engine with actuator dynamics

The main objective of the turboprop engine control system is to ensure propeller absorbed power at a constant propeller speed by controlling fuel flow and blade angle. Since each input variable affects the selected output variables, there exist strong interactions between different control loops of a Two-Spool TurboProp Engine (TSTPE). Inverted decoupling is used to decouple the interactions and decompose the TSTPE into two independent single-input single-output systems. The multi-variable PI controller and two single-variable PI controllers are designed for the TSTPE with actuator dynamics based on Linear Matrix Inequality (LMI), respectively, which is derived from static output feedback and pole placement condition. The step responses show that due to the difference in the response times of the selected output variables, it is difficult to design an appropriate multi-variable PI controller. The designed single-variable PI controllers are tested on the TSTPE integrated model to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed method, that is, the interactions are first decoupled and then the controllers are designed, and the resulting simulated responses show that compared with the controller designed without actuator dynamics, the gas-generator shaft speed and power turbine shaft speed can better track their respective commands under the action of the controller designed with actuator dynamics.     

Aircraft engine fault detection based on grouped convolutional denoising autoencoders

Many existing aircraft engine fault detection methods are highly dependent on performance deviation data that are provided by the original equipment manufacturer. To improve the independent engine fault detection ability, Aircraft Communications Addressing and Reporting System (ACARS) data can be used. However, owing to the characteristics of high dimension, complex correlations between parameters, and large noise content, it is difficult for existing methods to detect faults effectively by using ACARS data. To solve this problem, a novel engine fault detection method based on original ACARS data is proposed. First, inspired by computer vision methods, all variables were divided into separated groups according to their correlations. Then, an improved convolutional denoising autoencoder was used to extract the features of each group. Finally, all of the extracted features were fused to form feature vectors. Thereby, fault samples could be identified based on these feature vectors. Experiments were conducted to validate the effectiveness and efficiency of our method and other competing methods by considering real ACARS data as the data source. The results reveal the good performance of our method with regard to comprehensive fault detection and robustness. Additionally, the computational and time costs of our method are shown to be relatively low.     

长空发动机转速状态的调整规律

“长空发动机的控制是通过设计几个转速状态来实现的。但转速状态的调整一直比较困难。本文从理论上对此作了深入的分析,提出了简便的调整方法,给出了由实验得到的调整数据。     

航空燃气涡轮发动机熄火后自动立即点火初步探讨

发动机空中熄火使飞机失去动力,将会产生严重后果。本文就如何判断发动机是熄火而不是正常的工作状态转换进行了讨论,对可能用来判断的因素作了分析,最后提出用发动机转速传感器输出电压的变化率作为判断依据是比较准确可靠且易于实现的。     

航空发动机H_∞控制器设计方法

本文提出了一种结构摄动系统鲁棒控制器综合方法。采用该方法可以同时考虑闭环系统的频域设计要求及对结构摄动的鲁棒稳定性。该方法被用于某型双转子涡喷航空发动机稳态控制器的设计，并取得了良好效果。     

进口温度畸变对涡扇发动机稳定性影响的试验研究

报告较详细地介绍了在温度畸变条件下某型小涵道比涡扇发动机稳定性的评定试验.试验在中国燃气涡轮研究院地面试车台上进行.热扰动是由安装在发动机进口前的氢燃烧温度畸变发生器产生的.在燃烧区为60°、120°、180°、240°、300°、360°时,发动机低压转子换算转速为60%、80%、95%及两个充填容积的条件下进行了各项试验.试验确定了发动机进口面平均相对临界温升与发动机工况、周向“热区”范围、温升率的关系;比较了发动机稳态与过渡态时面平均相对临界温升的关系;得到了发动机的周向温度畸变敏感系数,最终确定了对发动机稳定工作影响最大的一组温度畸变参数.此外还评定了防喘系统的效能.试验中发现该发动机的失速首先发生在高压压气机.